Terminology
Elements:
- Line: A point in motion; A series of adjacent points; An implied connection between points.
- Value: The relative lightness or darkness of a surface or color.
- Texture: The surface quality of a 2-Dimensional shape or a 3-Dimensional volume. There are two Types of Texture: Tactile-Which is actual texture that can be felt; Visual- Which is created by visually activating a surface.
- Depth (or Space): Space is the area provided for a particular purpose. Space includes the background, foreground and middle ground. Space refers to the distances or areas around, between or within things, (and) has two kinds: negative and positive.
Principles:
- Movement: Eye travel directed by visual pathways in a work of art; The action or process of change of position (Motion)
- Emphasis: special attention given to some aspect of a composition, lending it prominence. Emphasis creates a focal point in a composition which leads the viewer’s eye to that area of the composition.
- Symmetrical Balance: A form of balance that is created when shapes are mirrored on either side of an axis, either vertically or horizontally, as in a composition that is vertically divided down the center.
- Asymmetrical Balance: An equilibrium among visual elements that differ in size number, weight, color, or texture.
- Radial Symmetry: Balance created when shapes or volumes are mirrored vertically and horizontally, with the center of the composition acting as a focal point.
- Pattern or Repetition: The use of the same visual element or visual effect a number of times in the same composition; a design composed of repeated elements that are usually varied to produce interconnections and implied movement
- Economy: The careful or thrifty use of resources. Economy is a matter of getting the most from given resources while keeping the house in order.
Gestalt:
- Proximity: As the word implies, as visual elements become closer, they are more likely to be seen as being related.
- Closure: Given enough information, the mind will finish or complete what is not complete. To achieve this we anticipate and complete a form. By allowing the viewer to complete a form, an artwork establishes a link with the viewer, who becomes part of the process
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hue: The Name of a color, such as Vermillion, Emerald, or Juniper, that distinguishes it from other colors as well as assigns it a position in the Color Spectrum and on the Color Wheel.
Value: The relative lightness or darkness of a color. It is the only structural aspect of color visible in a black and white photograph. A value scale is An equally incremental gradation from pure white to pure black.
Intensity: Also known as saturation; The purity of a color/hue. In other words, whether the color is bright or dull.
Additive Color: Emitted light (It is what you are looking at in this projection.) Like colors seen through a prism, additive color is created when “white” light is refracted or broken down into individual wavelengths.
Subtractive Color: Subtractive Color is Reflected Light. The physical world is colorless, meaning that color is an illusion, perceived only by our Brains. When light hits an object, some wavelengths are absorbed, and others are reflected. The wavelength of the reflected light determines what color our brains perceive. All other wavelengths, or colors, are absorbed.
Primary: Colors which cannot be produced by mixing other colors; any of a group of colors from which all other colors can be obtained by mixing; colors include red, yellow, and blue
Secondary: a color resulting from the mixing of two primary colors; colors include purple, orange, and green
Tertiary: A tertiary color or intermediate color is a color made by mixing full saturation of one primary color with half saturation of another primary color and none of a third primary color; Tertiary colors are a combination of a secondary color and a primary color next to it. They include yellow-orange, red-orange, red-violet, blue-violet, blue-green and yellow-green.
Temperature: In relation to our paints, color temperature refers to our perception of a color as being either warm or cool
Tint: a hue that has been mixed with white
Shade: a hue that has been mixed with black
Optimal Mixing: occurs when small color fragments are organized in a tight pattern, appear to fuse, and from a distance, appear as a single mixed color.
Continuous Tone: occurs when different colors are mixed to create a color between them.
Simultaneous Contrast: refers to the idea that color is always seen in relationship to, or in context of, the surrounding colors. Every color you see is influenced by:
- The color adjacent to it
- The type of light (warm or cool) enabling you to see it.
These factors confuse or influence your brain, forcing it to see more than one relationship at the same time
Achromatic: relating to, employing, or denoting lenses that transmit light without separating it into constituent colors; without color
Monochromatic: A color system created by using a variety of values and intensities within a single hue.
Complementary: Hues opposite one another on the color wheel
What they do:
- Create contrast
- Decrease intensity of each other when mixed
- Neutralize each other, creating an achromatic gray when mixed in equal parts.
Triadic: Three colors that are equidistant on a color wheel
Analogous: Hues that are adjacent on the color wheel
